Rfc2898DeriveBytes 类

定义

通过使用基于 HMACSHA1 的伪随机数生成器,实现基于密码的密钥派生功能 (PBKDF2)。

public ref class Rfc2898DeriveBytes : System::Security::Cryptography::DeriveBytes
[System.Runtime.Versioning.UnsupportedOSPlatform("browser")]
public class Rfc2898DeriveBytes : System.Security.Cryptography.DeriveBytes
public class Rfc2898DeriveBytes : System.Security.Cryptography.DeriveBytes
[System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)]
public class Rfc2898DeriveBytes : System.Security.Cryptography.DeriveBytes
[<System.Runtime.Versioning.UnsupportedOSPlatform("browser")>]
type Rfc2898DeriveBytes = class
    inherit DeriveBytes
type Rfc2898DeriveBytes = class
    inherit DeriveBytes
[<System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)>]
type Rfc2898DeriveBytes = class
    inherit DeriveBytes
Public Class Rfc2898DeriveBytes
Inherits DeriveBytes
继承
Rfc2898DeriveBytes
属性

示例

下面的代码示例使用 Rfc2898DeriveBytes 类为 Aes 类创建两个相同的键。 然后,它使用密钥加密和解密某些数据。

using namespace System;
using namespace System::IO;
using namespace System::Text;
using namespace System::Security::Cryptography;

// Generate a key k1 with password pwd1 and salt salt1.
// Generate a key k2 with password pwd1 and salt salt1.
// Encrypt data1 with key k1 using symmetric encryption, creating edata1.
// Decrypt edata1 with key k2 using symmetric decryption, creating data2.
// data2 should equal data1.

int main()
{
   array<String^>^passwordargs = Environment::GetCommandLineArgs();
   String^ usageText = "Usage: RFC2898 <password>\nYou must specify the password for encryption.\n";

   //If no file name is specified, write usage text.
   if ( passwordargs->Length == 1 )
   {
      Console::WriteLine( usageText );
   }
   else
   {
      String^ pwd1 = passwordargs[ 1 ];
      
      array<Byte>^salt1 = gcnew array<Byte>(8);
      RNGCryptoServiceProvider ^ rngCsp = gcnew RNGCryptoServiceProvider();
         rngCsp->GetBytes(salt1);
      //data1 can be a string or contents of a file.
      String^ data1 = "Some test data";

      //The default iteration count is 1000 so the two methods use the same iteration count.
      int myIterations = 1000;

      try
      {
         Rfc2898DeriveBytes ^ k1 = gcnew Rfc2898DeriveBytes( pwd1,salt1,myIterations );
         Rfc2898DeriveBytes ^ k2 = gcnew Rfc2898DeriveBytes( pwd1,salt1 );

         // Encrypt the data.
         Aes^ encAlg = Aes::Create();
         encAlg->Key = k1->GetBytes( 16 );
         MemoryStream^ encryptionStream = gcnew MemoryStream;
         CryptoStream^ encrypt = gcnew CryptoStream( encryptionStream,encAlg->CreateEncryptor(),CryptoStreamMode::Write );
         array<Byte>^utfD1 = (gcnew System::Text::UTF8Encoding( false ))->GetBytes( data1 );

         encrypt->Write( utfD1, 0, utfD1->Length );
         encrypt->FlushFinalBlock();
         encrypt->Close();
         array<Byte>^edata1 = encryptionStream->ToArray();
         k1->Reset();

         // Try to decrypt, thus showing it can be round-tripped.
         Aes^ decAlg = Aes::Create();
         decAlg->Key = k2->GetBytes( 16 );
         decAlg->IV = encAlg->IV;
         MemoryStream^ decryptionStreamBacking = gcnew MemoryStream;
         CryptoStream^ decrypt = gcnew CryptoStream( decryptionStreamBacking,decAlg->CreateDecryptor(),CryptoStreamMode::Write );

         decrypt->Write( edata1, 0, edata1->Length );
         decrypt->Flush();
         decrypt->Close();
         k2->Reset();

         String^ data2 = (gcnew UTF8Encoding( false ))->GetString( decryptionStreamBacking->ToArray() );
         if (  !data1->Equals( data2 ) )
         {
            Console::WriteLine( "Error: The two values are not equal." );
         }
         else
         {
            Console::WriteLine( "The two values are equal." );
            Console::WriteLine( "k1 iterations: {0}", k1->IterationCount );
            Console::WriteLine( "k2 iterations: {0}", k2->IterationCount );
         }
      }

      catch ( Exception^ e ) 
      {
         Console::WriteLine( "Error: ", e );
      }
   }
}
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
using System.Security.Cryptography;

public class rfc2898test
{
    // Generate a key k1 with password pwd1 and salt salt1.
    // Generate a key k2 with password pwd1 and salt salt1.
    // Encrypt data1 with key k1 using symmetric encryption, creating edata1.
    // Decrypt edata1 with key k2 using symmetric decryption, creating data2.
    // data2 should equal data1.

    private const string usageText = "Usage: RFC2898 <password>\nYou must specify the password for encryption.\n";
    public static void Main(string[] passwordargs)
    {
        //If no file name is specified, write usage text.
        if (passwordargs.Length == 0)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(usageText);
        }
        else
        {
            string pwd1 = passwordargs[0];
            // Create a byte array to hold the random value.
            byte[] salt1 = new byte[8];
            using (RNGCryptoServiceProvider rngCsp = new
RNGCryptoServiceProvider())
            {
                // Fill the array with a random value.
                rngCsp.GetBytes(salt1);
            }

            //data1 can be a string or contents of a file.
            string data1 = "Some test data";
            //The default iteration count is 1000 so the two methods use the same iteration count.
            int myIterations = 1000;
            try
            {
                Rfc2898DeriveBytes k1 = new Rfc2898DeriveBytes(pwd1, salt1,
myIterations);
                Rfc2898DeriveBytes k2 = new Rfc2898DeriveBytes(pwd1, salt1);
                // Encrypt the data.
                Aes encAlg = Aes.Create();
                encAlg.Key = k1.GetBytes(16);
                MemoryStream encryptionStream = new MemoryStream();
                CryptoStream encrypt = new CryptoStream(encryptionStream,
encAlg.CreateEncryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Write);
                byte[] utfD1 = new System.Text.UTF8Encoding(false).GetBytes(
data1);

                encrypt.Write(utfD1, 0, utfD1.Length);
                encrypt.FlushFinalBlock();
                encrypt.Close();
                byte[] edata1 = encryptionStream.ToArray();
                k1.Reset();

                // Try to decrypt, thus showing it can be round-tripped.
                Aes decAlg = Aes.Create();
                decAlg.Key = k2.GetBytes(16);
                decAlg.IV = encAlg.IV;
                MemoryStream decryptionStreamBacking = new MemoryStream();
                CryptoStream decrypt = new CryptoStream(
decryptionStreamBacking, decAlg.CreateDecryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Write);
                decrypt.Write(edata1, 0, edata1.Length);
                decrypt.Flush();
                decrypt.Close();
                k2.Reset();
                string data2 = new UTF8Encoding(false).GetString(
decryptionStreamBacking.ToArray());

                if (!data1.Equals(data2))
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("Error: The two values are not equal.");
                }
                else
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("The two values are equal.");
                    Console.WriteLine("k1 iterations: {0}", k1.IterationCount);
                    Console.WriteLine("k2 iterations: {0}", k2.IterationCount);
                }
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Error: {0}", e);
            }
        }
    }
}
Imports System.IO
Imports System.Text
Imports System.Security.Cryptography



Public Class rfc2898test
    ' Generate a key k1 with password pwd1 and salt salt1.
    ' Generate a key k2 with password pwd1 and salt salt1.
    ' Encrypt data1 with key k1 using symmetric encryption, creating edata1.
    ' Decrypt edata1 with key k2 using symmetric decryption, creating data2.
    ' data2 should equal data1.
    Private Const usageText As String = "Usage: RFC2898 <password>" + vbLf + "You must specify the password for encryption." + vbLf

    Public Shared Sub Main(ByVal passwordargs() As String)
        'If no file name is specified, write usage text.
        If passwordargs.Length = 0 Then
            Console.WriteLine(usageText)
        Else
            Dim pwd1 As String = passwordargs(0)

            Dim salt1(8) As Byte
            Using rngCsp As New RNGCryptoServiceProvider()
                rngCsp.GetBytes(salt1)
            End Using
            'data1 can be a string or contents of a file.
            Dim data1 As String = "Some test data"
            'The default iteration count is 1000 so the two methods use the same iteration count.
            Dim myIterations As Integer = 1000
            Try
                Dim k1 As New Rfc2898DeriveBytes(pwd1, salt1, myIterations)
                Dim k2 As New Rfc2898DeriveBytes(pwd1, salt1)
                ' Encrypt the data.
                Dim encAlg As Aes = Aes.Create()
                encAlg.Key = k1.GetBytes(16)
                Dim encryptionStream As New MemoryStream()
                Dim encrypt As New CryptoStream(encryptionStream, encAlg.CreateEncryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Write)
                Dim utfD1 As Byte() = New System.Text.UTF8Encoding(False).GetBytes(data1)
                encrypt.Write(utfD1, 0, utfD1.Length)
                encrypt.FlushFinalBlock()
                encrypt.Close()
                Dim edata1 As Byte() = encryptionStream.ToArray()
                k1.Reset()

                ' Try to decrypt, thus showing it can be round-tripped.
                Dim decAlg As Aes = Aes.Create()
                decAlg.Key = k2.GetBytes(16)
                decAlg.IV = encAlg.IV
                Dim decryptionStreamBacking As New MemoryStream()
                Dim decrypt As New CryptoStream(decryptionStreamBacking, decAlg.CreateDecryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Write)
                decrypt.Write(edata1, 0, edata1.Length)
                decrypt.Flush()
                decrypt.Close()
                k2.Reset()
                Dim data2 As String = New UTF8Encoding(False).GetString(decryptionStreamBacking.ToArray())

                If Not data1.Equals(data2) Then
                    Console.WriteLine("Error: The two values are not equal.")
                Else
                    Console.WriteLine("The two values are equal.")
                    Console.WriteLine("k1 iterations: {0}", k1.IterationCount)
                    Console.WriteLine("k2 iterations: {0}", k2.IterationCount)
                End If
            Catch e As Exception
                Console.WriteLine("Error: ", e)
            End Try
        End If

    End Sub
End Class

注解

Rfc2898DeriveBytes 采用密码、盐和迭代计数,然后通过调用 GetBytes 方法生成密钥。

RFC 2898 包括用于从密码和 salt 创建密钥和初始化向量 (IV) 的方法。 可以使用 PBKDF2(一种基于密码的密钥派生函数)通过伪随机函数派生密钥,该函数允许生成几乎无限长度的密钥。 类 Rfc2898DeriveBytes 可用于从基键和其他参数生成派生密钥。 在基于密码的密钥派生函数中,基键是密码,其他参数是盐值和迭代计数。

有关 PBKDF2 的详细信息,请参阅 RFC 2898,标题为“PKCS #5:Password-Based 加密规范版本 2.0”。 有关完整的详细信息,请参阅第 5.2 节“PBKDF2”。

重要

切勿在源代码中对密码进行硬编码。 可以使用 Ildasm.exe (IL 反汇编程序) 从程序集中检索硬编码密码,或者只需在文本编辑器(如 Notepad.exe)中打开程序集即可。

构造函数

Rfc2898DeriveBytes(Byte[], Byte[], Int32)
已过时.

通过使用密码、salt 值和迭代次数派生密钥,初始化 Rfc2898DeriveBytes 类的新实例。

Rfc2898DeriveBytes(Byte[], Byte[], Int32, HashAlgorithmName)

初始化 Rfc2898DeriveBytes 类的新实例,该实例使用指定的密码、salt、迭代数和哈希算法名称来派生密钥。

Rfc2898DeriveBytes(String, Byte[])
已过时.

通过使用密码和 salt 值派生密钥,初始化 Rfc2898DeriveBytes 类的新实例。

Rfc2898DeriveBytes(String, Byte[], Int32)
已过时.

通过使用密码、salt 值和迭代次数派生密钥,初始化 Rfc2898DeriveBytes 类的新实例。

Rfc2898DeriveBytes(String, Byte[], Int32, HashAlgorithmName)

初始化 Rfc2898DeriveBytes 类的新实例,该实例使用指定的密码、salt、迭代数和哈希算法名称来派生密钥。

Rfc2898DeriveBytes(String, Int32)
已过时.

通过使用密码和 salt 大小派生密钥,初始化 Rfc2898DeriveBytes 类的新实例。

Rfc2898DeriveBytes(String, Int32, Int32)
已过时.

通过使用密码、salt 值和迭代次数派生密钥,初始化 Rfc2898DeriveBytes 类的新实例。

Rfc2898DeriveBytes(String, Int32, Int32, HashAlgorithmName)

初始化 Rfc2898DeriveBytes 类的新实例,该实例使用指定的密码、salt 大小、迭代数和哈希算法名称来派生密钥。

属性

HashAlgorithm

获取用于字节派生的哈希算法。

IterationCount

获取或设置操作的迭代数。

Salt

获取或设置操作的密钥 salt 值。

方法

CryptDeriveKey(String, String, Int32, Byte[])
已过时.

Rfc2898DeriveBytes 对象导出加密密钥。

Dispose()

在派生类中重写时,释放由 DeriveBytes 类的当前实例使用的所有资源。

(继承自 DeriveBytes)
Dispose(Boolean)

释放 Rfc2898DeriveBytes 类使用的非托管资源,并可以选择释放托管资源。

Dispose(Boolean)

在派生类中重写时,释放由 DeriveBytes 类占用的非托管资源,还可以另外再释放托管资源。

(继承自 DeriveBytes)
Equals(Object)

确定指定对象是否等于当前对象。

(继承自 Object)
GetBytes(Int32)

返回此对象的伪随机密钥。

GetHashCode()

作为默认哈希函数。

(继承自 Object)
GetType()

获取当前实例的 Type

(继承自 Object)
MemberwiseClone()

创建当前 Object 的浅表副本。

(继承自 Object)
Pbkdf2(Byte[], Byte[], Int32, HashAlgorithmName, Int32)

从密码字节创建 PBKDF2 派生密钥。

Pbkdf2(ReadOnlySpan<Byte>, ReadOnlySpan<Byte>, Int32, HashAlgorithmName, Int32)

从密码字节创建 PBKDF2 派生密钥。

Pbkdf2(ReadOnlySpan<Byte>, ReadOnlySpan<Byte>, Span<Byte>, Int32, HashAlgorithmName)

使用 PBKDF2 派生密钥填充缓冲区。

Pbkdf2(ReadOnlySpan<Char>, ReadOnlySpan<Byte>, Int32, HashAlgorithmName, Int32)

从密码创建 PBKDF2 派生密钥。

Pbkdf2(ReadOnlySpan<Char>, ReadOnlySpan<Byte>, Span<Byte>, Int32, HashAlgorithmName)

使用 PBKDF2 派生密钥填充缓冲区。

Pbkdf2(String, Byte[], Int32, HashAlgorithmName, Int32)

从密码创建 PBKDF2 派生密钥。

Reset()

重置操作的状态。

ToString()

返回表示当前对象的字符串。

(继承自 Object)

适用于

另请参阅