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FaultException<TDetail> Class

Definition

Used in a client application to catch contractually-specified SOAP faults.

public class FaultException<TDetail> : System.ServiceModel.FaultException
[System.Serializable]
public class FaultException<TDetail> : System.ServiceModel.FaultException

Type Parameters

TDetail

The serializable error detail type.

Inheritance
Inheritance
Derived
Attributes

Examples

The following code example shows how a service uses the FaultException<TDetail> type to throw a managed exception that gets converted into the SOAP fault specified by the FaultContractAttribute.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Net.Security;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.ServiceModel;
using System.Text;

namespace Microsoft.WCF.Documentation
{
  [ServiceContract(Namespace="http://microsoft.wcf.documentation")]
  public interface ISampleService{
    [OperationContract]
    [FaultContractAttribute(
      typeof(GreetingFault),
      Action="http://www.contoso.com/GreetingFault",
      ProtectionLevel=ProtectionLevel.EncryptAndSign
      )]
    string SampleMethod(string msg);
  }

  [DataContractAttribute]
  public class GreetingFault
  {
    private string report;

    public GreetingFault(string message)
    {
      this.report = message;
    }

    [DataMemberAttribute]
    public string Message
    {
      get { return this.report; }
      set { this.report = value; }
    }
  }

  class SampleService : ISampleService
  {
  #region ISampleService Members

  public string  SampleMethod(string msg)
  {
    Console.WriteLine("Client said: " + msg);
    // Generate intermittent error behavior.
    Random rnd = new Random(DateTime.Now.Millisecond);
    int test = rnd.Next(5);
    if (test % 2 != 0)
      return "The service greets you: " + msg;
    else
      throw new FaultException<GreetingFault>(new GreetingFault("A Greeting error occurred. You said: " + msg));
  }

  #endregion
  }
}

The following code example shows how the client code looks when imported by the client using the ServiceModel Metadata Utility Tool (Svcutil.exe).

The following code example shows how a client can catch the FaultException<TDetail> type that represents the custom SOAP fault specified in the operation contract.

using System;
using System.ServiceModel;
using System.ServiceModel.Channels;
using Microsoft.WCF.Documentation;

public class Client
{
  public static void Main()
  {
    // Picks up configuration from the config file.
    SampleServiceClient wcfClient = new SampleServiceClient();
    try
    {
      // Making calls.
      Console.WriteLine("Enter the greeting to send: ");
      string greeting = Console.ReadLine();
      Console.WriteLine("The service responded: " + wcfClient.SampleMethod(greeting));

      Console.WriteLine("Press ENTER to exit:");
      Console.ReadLine();

      // Done with service.
      wcfClient.Close();
      Console.WriteLine("Done!");
    }
    catch (TimeoutException timeProblem)
    {
      Console.WriteLine("The service operation timed out. " + timeProblem.Message);
      Console.ReadLine();
      wcfClient.Abort();
    }
    catch (FaultException<GreetingFault> greetingFault)
    {
      Console.WriteLine(greetingFault.Detail.Message);
      Console.ReadLine();
      wcfClient.Abort();
    }
    catch (FaultException unknownFault)
    {
      Console.WriteLine("An unknown exception was received. " + unknownFault.Message);
      Console.ReadLine();
      wcfClient.Abort();
    }
    catch (CommunicationException commProblem)
    {
      Console.WriteLine("There was a communication problem. " + commProblem.Message + commProblem.StackTrace);
      Console.ReadLine();
      wcfClient.Abort();
    }
  }
}

Remarks

Catch the FaultException<TDetail> object in a Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) client application to handle a SOAP fault that has been contractually specified in an operation contract.

Typical deployed services use the FaultContractAttribute to formally specify all SOAP faults that a client can expect to receive in the normal course of an operation. Error information in a FaultContractAttribute appears as a FaultException<TDetail> (where the typeparameter is the serializable error object specified in the operation's FaultContractAttribute) when it arrives at a client application. The FaultContractAttribute can be used to specify SOAP faults for both two-way service methods and for asynchronous method pairs.

Because FaultException<TDetail> is both a FaultException and therefore a CommunicationException, to catch specified SOAP faults make sure you catch the FaultException<TDetail> types prior to the FaultException and CommunicationException types or handle the specified exceptions in one of those exception handlers.

Note

If you use System.ServiceModel.FaultContractAttribute to specify a FaultException<TDetail> where the type parameter is a System.String, the string value is assigned to the Detail property in the client application; clients cannot retrieve that string by calling the FaultException<TDetail>.ToString method. To have the string value returned when the client application calls Exception.ToString, throw a System.ServiceModel.FaultException exception inside the operation and pass the string to the constructor. In general, it is recommended that detail types be custom serializable types appropriate to the fault and not a System.String.

Constructors

FaultException<TDetail>(SerializationInfo, StreamingContext)

Initializes a new instance of the FaultException<TDetail> class using the specified serialization information and context when deserializing a stream into a FaultException object.

FaultException<TDetail>(TDetail, FaultReason, FaultCode, String)

Initializes a new instance of the FaultException<TDetail> class that uses the specified detail object, and SOAP fault reason, code and action values.

FaultException<TDetail>(TDetail, FaultReason, FaultCode)

Initializes a new instance of the FaultException<TDetail> class that uses the specified detail object, fault reason, and fault code.

FaultException<TDetail>(TDetail, FaultReason)

Initializes a new instance of the FaultException<TDetail> class that uses the specified detail object and fault reason.

FaultException<TDetail>(TDetail, String, FaultCode, String)

Initializes a new instance of the FaultException<TDetail> class that uses the specified detail object, and SOAP fault reason, code and action values.

FaultException<TDetail>(TDetail, String, FaultCode)

Initializes a new instance of the FaultException<TDetail> class that uses the specified detail object, fault reason, and fault code.

FaultException<TDetail>(TDetail, String)

Initializes a new instance of the FaultException<TDetail> class that uses the specified detail and fault reason.

FaultException<TDetail>(TDetail)

Initializes a new instance of the FaultException<TDetail> class that uses the specified detail object.

Properties

Action

Gets the value of the SOAP action for the fault message.

(Inherited from FaultException)
Code

Gets the fault code for the SOAP fault.

(Inherited from FaultException)
Data

Gets a collection of key/value pairs that provide additional user-defined information about the exception.

(Inherited from Exception)
Detail

Gets the object that contains the detail information of the fault condition.

HelpLink

Gets or sets a link to the help file associated with this exception.

(Inherited from Exception)
HResult

Gets or sets HRESULT, a coded numerical value that is assigned to a specific exception.

(Inherited from Exception)
InnerException

Gets the Exception instance that caused the current exception.

(Inherited from Exception)
Message

Gets the message for the exception.

(Inherited from FaultException)
Reason

Gets the FaultReason for the SOAP fault.

(Inherited from FaultException)
Source

Gets or sets the name of the application or the object that causes the error.

(Inherited from Exception)
StackTrace

Gets a string representation of the immediate frames on the call stack.

(Inherited from Exception)
TargetSite

Gets the method that throws the current exception.

(Inherited from Exception)

Methods

CreateMessageFault()

Creates a MessageFault object that can be used to create a Message that represents the SOAP fault.

Equals(Object)

Determines whether the specified object is equal to the current object.

(Inherited from Object)
GetBaseException()

When overridden in a derived class, returns the Exception that is the root cause of one or more subsequent exceptions.

(Inherited from Exception)
GetHashCode()

Serves as the default hash function.

(Inherited from Object)
GetObjectData(SerializationInfo, StreamingContext)

Implementation of the GetObjectData(SerializationInfo, StreamingContext) method that is called when the object is serialized into a stream.

GetObjectData(SerializationInfo, StreamingContext)

Implementation of the GetObjectData(SerializationInfo, StreamingContext) method that is called when the object is serialized into a stream.

(Inherited from FaultException)
GetType()

Gets the runtime type of the current instance.

(Inherited from Exception)
MemberwiseClone()

Creates a shallow copy of the current Object.

(Inherited from Object)
ToString()

Returns a string for the FaultException<TDetail> object.

Events

SerializeObjectState
Obsolete.

Occurs when an exception is serialized to create an exception state object that contains serialized data about the exception.

(Inherited from Exception)

Applies to

Product Versions
.NET Core 1.0, Core 1.1, 8 (package-provided), 9 (package-provided)
.NET Framework 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 4.5.1, 4.5.2, 4.6, 4.6.1, 4.6.2, 4.7 (package-provided), 4.7, 4.7.1 (package-provided), 4.7.1, 4.7.2 (package-provided), 4.7.2, 4.8 (package-provided), 4.8, 4.8.1
.NET Standard 2.0 (package-provided)
UWP 10.0