逐步解說：連接至物件中的資料

更新：2007 年 11 月

此逐步解說可示範如何建立物件來保存客戶和訂單資料，然後根據這些物件來建立物件資料來源。物件資料來源會出現在 [資料來源] 視窗中，其中的項目會拖曳到表單上，以在物件的公用屬性內建立繫結至資料的控制項。此逐步解說也將示範如何使用 TableAdapter，以便從資料庫擷取資料，並填入物件。

物件資料來源的建立方式，可以透過執行資料來源組態精靈並選取 [物件] 做為資料來源之型別。完成 [資料來源組態精靈] 之後，您就可以從資料來源視窗中，將可用物件的公用屬性拖曳至表單上。

注意事項：
您需要建置包含物件的專案，才能讓它出現在 [資料來源組態精靈] 上。如果精靈中未提供您的物件，請重新建置包含所需物件的專案。

逐步解說將說明的工作包括：

• 建立新的 [Windows 應用程式] 專案。

• 建立表示客戶和訂單的範例物件。

• 使用 [資料來源組態精靈]，根據範例物件建立及設定應用程式中的物件資料來源。

• 將控制項加入到繫結至自訂物件中之資料的表單。

• 使用 TableAdapter 建立資料集，在物件和資料庫之間移動資料。

• 編輯 TableAdapter 的主查詢。

• 將查詢加入到 TableAdapter。

• 將資料庫的資料填入物件中。

建立專案

若要建立新的 Windows 應用程式專案

1. 從 [檔案] 功能表中，建立 [新增專案]。

2. 建立名稱為 ObjectBindingWalkthrough 的 [Windows 應用程式]，再按一下 [確定]。如需詳細資訊，請參閱建立 Windows 架構的應用程式。

   隨即建立 ObjectBindingWalkthrough 專案，並將其加入至 [方案總管]。

這個逐步解說需要繫結一些物件，所以第一個步驟是建立表示客戶和訂單的一些範例物件。若要表示客戶，將會建立一個表示單一客戶的 Customer 物件。若要表示訂單，將會建立一個表示單一訂單的 Order 物件以及一個表示 Order 物件集合的 Orders 物件。而 Customer 物件的集合則將使用 BindingSource 類別中的內建集合 (本逐步解說稍後會加以說明)。

建立 Customer 物件

若要建立 Customer 物件

1. 在 [專案] 功能表上按一下 [加入類別]。

2. 將新類別命名為 Customer，再按一下 [加入]。

3. 將 Customer 類別檔中的程式碼替換成下列程式碼：

   注意事項：
   Customer 物件包含型別 Orders 的 ordersCollection 屬性。編輯器將顯示指出 [型別 'Orders' 未定義] 的訊息。這是預期的錯誤訊息，當您在下節建立 Order 和 Orders 類別時，它就會消失。

   ''' <summary>
   ''' A single customer
   ''' </summary>
   Public Class Customer
   
       Public Sub New()
       End Sub
   
       ''' <summary>
       ''' Creates a new customer
       ''' </summary>
       ''' <param name="customerId">The ID that uniquely identifies this customer</param>
       ''' <param name="companyName">The name for this customer</param>
       ''' <param name="contactName">The name for this customer's contact</param>
       ''' <param name="contactTitle">The title for this contact</param>
       ''' <param name="address">The address for this customer</param>
       ''' <param name="city">The city for this customer</param>
       ''' <param name="region">The region for this customer</param>
       ''' <param name="postalCode">The postal code for this customer</param>
       ''' <param name="country">The country for this customer</param>
       ''' <param name="phone">The phone number for this customer</param>
       ''' <param name="fax">The fax number for this customer</param>
       Public Sub New(ByVal customerId As String, _
                      ByVal companyName As String, _
                      ByVal contactName As String, _
                      ByVal contactTitle As String, _
                      ByVal address As String, _
                      ByVal city As String, _
                      ByVal region As String, _
                      ByVal postalCode As String, _
                      ByVal country As String, _
                      ByVal phone As String, _
                      ByVal fax As String)
           customerIDValue = customerId
           companyNameValue = companyName
           contactNameValue = contactName
           contactTitleValue = contactTitle
           addressValue = address
           cityValue = city
           regionValue = region
           postalCodeValue = postalCode
           countryValue = country
           phoneValue = phone
           faxValue = fax
       End Sub
   
       Private customerIDValue As String
       ''' <summary>
       ''' The ID that uniquely identifies this customer
       ''' </summary>
       Public Property CustomerID() As String
           Get
               Return customerIDValue
           End Get
           Set(ByVal value As String)
               customerIDValue = value
           End Set
       End Property
   
       Private companyNameValue As String
       ''' <summary>
       ''' The name for this customer
       ''' </summary>
       Public Property CompanyName() As String
           Get
               Return companyNameValue
           End Get
           Set(ByVal Value As String)
               companyNameValue = Value
           End Set
       End Property
   
       Private contactNameValue As String
       ''' <summary>
       ''' The name for this customer's contact
       ''' </summary>
       Public Property ContactName() As String
           Get
               Return contactNameValue
           End Get
           Set(ByVal Value As String)
               contactNameValue = Value
           End Set
       End Property
   
       Private contactTitleValue As String
       ''' <summary>
       ''' The title for this contact
       ''' </summary>
       Public Property ContactTitle() As String
           Get
               Return contactTitleValue
           End Get
           Set(ByVal Value As String)
               contactTitleValue = Value
           End Set
       End Property
   
       Private addressValue As String
       ''' <summary>
       ''' The address for this customer
       ''' </summary>
       Public Property Address() As String
           Get
               Return addressValue
           End Get
           Set(ByVal Value As String)
               addressValue = Value
           End Set
       End Property
   
       Private cityValue As String
       ''' <summary>
       ''' The city for this customer
       ''' </summary>
       Public Property City() As String
           Get
               Return cityValue
           End Get
           Set(ByVal Value As String)
               cityValue = Value
           End Set
       End Property
   
       Private regionValue As String
       ''' <summary>
       ''' The region for this customer
       ''' </summary>
       Public Property Region() As String
           Get
               Return regionValue
           End Get
           Set(ByVal Value As String)
               regionValue = Value
           End Set
       End Property
   
       Private postalCodeValue As String
       ''' <summary>
       ''' The postal code for this customer
       ''' </summary>
       Public Property PostalCode() As String
           Get
               Return postalCodeValue
           End Get
           Set(ByVal Value As String)
               postalCodeValue = Value
           End Set
       End Property
   
       Private countryValue As String
       ''' <summary>
       ''' The country for this customer
       ''' </summary>
       Public Property Country() As String
           Get
               Return countryValue
           End Get
           Set(ByVal Value As String)
               countryValue = Value
           End Set
       End Property
   
   
       Private phoneValue As String
       ''' <summary>
       ''' The phone number for this customer
       ''' </summary>
       Public Property Phone() As String
           Get
               Return phoneValue
           End Get
           Set(ByVal Value As String)
               phoneValue = Value
           End Set
       End Property
   
       Private faxValue As String
       ''' <summary>
       ''' The fax number for this customer
       ''' </summary>
       Public Property Fax() As String
           Get
               Return faxValue
           End Get
           Set(ByVal Value As String)
               faxValue = Value
           End Set
       End Property
   
       Private ordersCollection As New System.ComponentModel.BindingList(Of Order)
       ''' <summary>
       ''' The orders for this customer
       ''' </summary>
       Public Property Orders() As System.ComponentModel.BindingList(Of Order)
           Get
               Return ordersCollection
           End Get
           Set(ByVal value As System.ComponentModel.BindingList(Of Order))
               ordersCollection = value
           End Set
       End Property
   
   
       Public Overrides Function ToString() As String
           Return Me.CompanyName & " (" & Me.CustomerID & ")"
       End Function
   
   End Class
   

   namespace ObjectBindingWalkthrough
   {
       /// <summary>
       /// A single customer
       /// </summary>
       public class Customer
       {
           /// <summary>
           /// Creates a new customer
           /// </summary>
           public Customer()
           {
           }
   
           /// <summary>
           /// Creates a new customer
           /// </summary>
           /// <param name="customerID"></param>
           /// <param name="companyName"></param>
           /// <param name="contactName"></param>
           /// <param name="contactTitle"></param>
           /// <param name="address"></param>
           /// <param name="city"></param>
           /// <param name="region"></param>
           /// <param name="postalCode"></param>
           /// <param name="country"></param>
           /// <param name="phone"></param>
           /// <param name="fax"></param>
           public Customer(string customerID, string companyName,
              string contactName, string contactTitle,
              string address, string city, string region,
              string postalCode, string country,
              string phone, string fax)
           {
               customerIDValue = customerID;
           }
   
           private string customerIDValue;
           /// <summary>
           /// The ID that uniquely identifies this customer
           /// </summary>
           public string CustomerID
           {
               get { return customerIDValue; }
               set { customerIDValue = value; }
           }
   
           private string companyNameValue;
           /// <summary>
           /// The name for this customer
           /// </summary>
           public string CompanyName
           {
               get { return companyNameValue; }
               set { companyNameValue = value; }
           }
   
           private string contactNameValue;
           /// <summary>
           /// The name for this customer's contact
           /// </summary>
           public string ContactName
           {
               get { return contactNameValue; }
               set { contactNameValue = value; }
           }
   
           private string contactTitleValue;
           /// <summary>
           /// The title for this contact
           /// </summary>
           public string ContactTitle
           {
               get { return contactTitleValue; }
               set { contactTitleValue = value; }
           }
   
           private string addressValue;
           /// <summary>
           /// The address for this customer
           /// </summary>
           public string Address
           {
               get { return addressValue; }
               set { addressValue = value; }
           }
   
           private string cityValue;
           /// <summary>
           /// The city for this customer
           /// </summary>
           public string City
           {
               get { return cityValue; }
               set { cityValue = value; }
           }
   
           private string regionValue;
           /// <summary>
           /// The region for this customer
           /// </summary>
           public string Region
           {
               get { return regionValue; }
               set { regionValue = value; }
           }
   
           private string postalCodeValue;
           /// <summary>
           /// The postal code for this customer
           /// </summary>
           public string PostalCode
           {
               get { return postalCodeValue; }
               set { postalCodeValue = value; }
           }
   
           private string countryValue;
           /// <summary>
           /// The country for this customer
           /// </summary>
           public string Country
           {
               get { return countryValue; }
               set { countryValue = value; }
           }
   
           private string phoneValue;
           /// <summary>
           /// The phone number for this customer
           /// </summary>
           public string Phone
           {
               get { return phoneValue; }
               set { phoneValue = value; }
           }
   
           private string faxValue;
           /// <summary>
           /// The fax number for this customer
           /// </summary>
           public string Fax
           {
               get { return faxValue; }
               set { faxValue = value; }
           }
   
           private System.ComponentModel.BindingList<Order> ordersCollection = 
               new System.ComponentModel.BindingList<Order>();
   
           public System.ComponentModel.BindingList<Order> Orders
           {
               get { return ordersCollection; }
               set { ordersCollection = value; }
           }
   
           public override string ToString()
           {
               return this.CompanyName + " (" + this.CustomerID + ")";
           }
       }
   }
   

建立 Order 物件

建立 Order 物件和 Orders 集合

1. 選取 [專案] 功能表上的 [加入類別]。

2. 將新類別命名為 Order，再按一下 [加入]。

3. 將 Order 類別檔中的程式碼替換成下列程式碼：

   ''' <summary>
   ''' A single order
   ''' </summary>
   Public Class Order
   
       Public Sub New()
       End Sub
   
       ''' <summary>
       ''' Creates a new order
       ''' </summary>
       ''' <param name="orderid">The identifier for this order</param>
       ''' <param name="customerID">The customer who placed this order</param>
       ''' <param name="employeeID">The ID of the employee who took this order</param>
       ''' <param name="orderDate">The date this order was placed</param>
       ''' <param name="requiredDate">The date this order is required</param>
       ''' <param name="shippedDate">The date the order was shipped</param>
       ''' <param name="shipVia">The shipping method for this order</param>
       ''' <param name="freight">The freight charge for this order</param>
       ''' <param name="shipName">The name of the recipient for this order</param>
       ''' <param name="shipAddress">The address to ship this order to</param>
       ''' <param name="shipCity">The city to ship this order to</param>
       ''' <param name="shipRegion">The region to ship this order to</param>
       ''' <param name="shipPostalCode">The postal code to ship this order to</param>
       ''' <param name="shipCountry">The country to ship this order to</param>
       Public Sub New(ByVal orderid As Integer, _
                      ByVal customerID As String, _
                      ByVal employeeID As Integer, _
                      ByVal orderDate As DateTime, _
                      ByVal requiredDate As DateTime, _
                      ByVal shippedDate As DateTime, _
                      ByVal shipVia As Integer, _
                      ByVal freight As Decimal, _
                      ByVal shipName As String, _
                      ByVal shipAddress As String, _
                      ByVal shipCity As String, _
                      ByVal shipRegion As String, _
                      ByVal shipPostalCode As String, _
                      ByVal shipCountry As String)
           orderIDValue = orderid
           customerIDValue = customerID
           employeeIDValue = employeeID
           orderDateValue = orderDate
           requiredDateValue = requiredDate
           shippedDateValue = shippedDate
           shipViaValue = shipVia
           freightValue = freight
           shipAddressValue = shipAddress
           shipCityValue = shipCity
           shipRegionValue = shipRegion
           shipPostalCodeValue = shipPostalCode
           shipCountryValue = shipCountry
       End Sub
   
       Private orderIDValue As Integer
       ''' <summary>
       ''' Identifier for this order
       ''' </summary>
       Public Property OrderID() As Integer
           Get
               Return orderIDValue
           End Get
           Set(ByVal value As Integer)
               orderIDValue = value
           End Set
       End Property
   
       Private customerIDValue As String
       ''' <summary>
       ''' The customer who placed this order
       ''' </summary>
       Public Property CustomerID() As String
           Get
               Return customerIDValue
           End Get
           Set(ByVal Value As String)
               customerIDValue = Value
           End Set
       End Property
   
       Private employeeIDValue As Integer
       ''' <summary>
       ''' The ID of the employee who took this order
       ''' </summary>
       Public Property EmployeeID() As Integer
           Get
               Return employeeIDValue
           End Get
           Set(ByVal Value As Integer)
               employeeIDValue = Value
           End Set
       End Property
   
   
       Private orderDateValue As DateTime
       ''' <summary>
       ''' The date this order was placed
       ''' </summary>
       Public Property OrderDate() As DateTime
           Get
               Return orderDateValue
           End Get
           Set(ByVal Value As DateTime)
               orderDateValue = Value
           End Set
       End Property
   
       Private requiredDateValue As DateTime
       ''' <summary>
       ''' The date this order is required
       ''' </summary>
       Public Property RequiredDate() As DateTime
           Get
               Return requiredDateValue
           End Get
           Set(ByVal Value As DateTime)
               requiredDateValue = Value
           End Set
       End Property
   
   
       Private shippedDateValue As DateTime
       ''' <summary>
       ''' The date this order was shipped
       ''' </summary>
       Public Property ShippedDate() As DateTime
           Get
               Return shippedDateValue
           End Get
           Set(ByVal Value As DateTime)
               shippedDateValue = Value
           End Set
       End Property
   
       Private shipViaValue As Integer
       ''' <summary>
       ''' The shipping method for this order
       ''' </summary>
       Public Property ShipVia() As Integer
           Get
               Return shipViaValue
           End Get
           Set(ByVal Value As Integer)
               shipViaValue = Value
           End Set
       End Property
   
   
       Private freightValue As Decimal
       ''' <summary>
       ''' The freight charge for this order
       ''' </summary>
       Public Property Freight() As Decimal
           Get
               Return freightValue
           End Get
           Set(ByVal Value As Decimal)
               freightValue = Value
           End Set
       End Property
   
       Private shipNameValue As String
       ''' <summary>
       ''' The name of the recipient for this order
       ''' </summary>
       Public Property ShipName() As String
           Get
               Return shipNameValue
           End Get
           Set(ByVal Value As String)
               shipNameValue = Value
           End Set
       End Property
   
   
       Private shipAddressValue As String
       ''' <summary>
       ''' The address to ship this order to
       ''' </summary>
       Public Property ShipAddress() As String
           Get
               Return shipAddressValue
           End Get
           Set(ByVal Value As String)
               shipAddressValue = Value
           End Set
       End Property
   
       Private shipCityValue As String
       ''' <summary>
       ''' The city to ship this order to
       ''' </summary>
       Public Property ShipCity() As String
           Get
               Return shipCityValue
           End Get
           Set(ByVal Value As String)
               shipCityValue = Value
           End Set
       End Property
   
       Private shipRegionValue As String
       ''' <summary>
       ''' The region to ship this order to
       ''' </summary>
       Public Property ShipRegion() As String
           Get
               Return shipRegionValue
           End Get
           Set(ByVal Value As String)
               shipRegionValue = Value
           End Set
       End Property
   
       Private shipPostalCodeValue As String
       ''' <summary>
       ''' The postal code to ship this order to
       ''' </summary>
       Public Property ShipPostalCode() As String
           Get
               Return shipPostalCodeValue
           End Get
           Set(ByVal Value As String)
               shipPostalCodeValue = Value
           End Set
       End Property
   
       Private shipCountryValue As String
       ''' <summary>
       ''' The country to ship this order to
       ''' </summary>
       Public Property ShipCountry() As String
           Get
               Return shipCountryValue
           End Get
           Set(ByVal Value As String)
               shipCountryValue = Value
           End Set
       End Property
   
   
       Private customerValue As Customer
       ''' <summary>
       ''' The customer this order belongs to
       ''' </summary>
       Public Property Customer() As Customer
           Get
               Return customerValue
           End Get
           Set(ByVal Value As Customer)
               customerValue = Value
           End Set
       End Property
   
   
   End Class
   
   ''' <summary>
   ''' A collection of Orders
   ''' </summary>
   Public Class Orders
       Inherits System.ComponentModel.BindingList(Of Order)
   
   End Class
   

   using System;
   
   namespace ObjectBindingWalkthrough
   {
      /// <summary>
      /// A single order
      /// </summary>
      public class Order
      {
         /// <summary>
         /// Creates a new order
         /// </summary>
         public Order()
         {
         }
   
         /// <summary>
         /// Creates a new order
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="orderid"></param>
         /// <param name="customerID"></param>
         /// <param name="employeeID"></param>
         /// <param name="orderDate"></param>
         /// <param name="requiredDate"></param>
         /// <param name="shippedDate"></param>
         /// <param name="shipVia"></param>
         /// <param name="freight"></param>
         /// <param name="shipName"></param>
         /// <param name="shipAddress"></param>
         /// <param name="shipCity"></param>
         /// <param name="shipRegion"></param>
         /// <param name="shipPostalCode"></param>
         /// <param name="shipCountry"></param>
         public Order(int orderid, string customerID,
            int employeeID, DateTime orderDate,
            DateTime requiredDate, DateTime shippedDate,
            int shipVia, decimal freight,
            string shipName, string shipAddress,
            string shipCity, string shipRegion,
            string shipPostalCode, string shipCountry)
         {
   
         }
   
         private int orderIDValue;
         /// <summary>
         /// The ID that uniquely identifies this order
         /// </summary>
         public int OrderID
         {
            get { return orderIDValue; }
            set { orderIDValue = value; }
         }
   
         private string customerIDValue;
         /// <summary>
         /// The customer who placed this order
         /// </summary>
         public string CustomerID
         {
            get { return customerIDValue; }
            set { customerIDValue = value; }
         }
   
         private int employeeIDValue;
         /// <summary>
         /// The ID of the employee who took this order
         /// </summary>
         public int EmployeeID
         {
            get { return employeeIDValue; }
            set { employeeIDValue = value; }
         }
   
         private DateTime orderDateValue;
         /// <summary>
         /// The date this order was placed
         /// </summary>
         public DateTime OrderDate
         {
            get { return orderDateValue; }
            set { orderDateValue = value; }
         }
   
         private DateTime requiredDateValue;
         /// <summary>
         /// The date this order is required
         /// </summary>
         public DateTime RequiredDate
         {
            get { return requiredDateValue; }
            set { requiredDateValue = value; }
         }
   
         private DateTime shippedDateValue;
         /// <summary>
         /// The date this order was shipped
         /// </summary>
         public DateTime ShippedDate
         {
            get { return shippedDateValue; }
            set { shippedDateValue = value; }
         }
   
         private int shipViaValue;
         /// <summary>
         /// The shipping method of this order
         /// </summary>
         public int ShipVia
         {
            get { return shipViaValue; }
            set { shipViaValue = value; }
         }
   
         private decimal freightValue;
         /// <summary>
         /// The freight charge for this order
         /// </summary>
         public decimal Freight
         {
            get { return freightValue; }
            set { freightValue = value; }
         }
   
         private string shipNameValue;
         /// <summary>
         /// The name of the recipient for this order
         /// </summary>
         public string ShipName
         {
            get { return shipNameValue; }
            set { shipNameValue = value; }
         }
   
         private string shipAddressValue;
         /// <summary>
         /// The address to ship this order to
         /// </summary>
         public string ShipAddress
         {
            get { return shipAddressValue; }
            set { shipAddressValue = value; }
         }
   
         private string shipCityValue;
         /// <summary>
         /// The city to ship this order to
         /// </summary>
         public string ShipCity
         {
            get { return shipCityValue; }
            set { shipCityValue = value; }
         }
   
         private string shipRegionValue;
         /// <summary>
         /// The region to ship this order to
         /// </summary>
         public string ShipRegion
         {
            get { return shipRegionValue; }
            set { shipRegionValue = value; }
         }
   
         private string shipPostalCodeValue;
         /// <summary>
         /// The postal code to ship this order to
         /// </summary>
         public string ShipPostalCode
         {
            get { return shipPostalCodeValue; }
            set { shipPostalCodeValue = value; }
         }
   
         private string shipCountryValue;
         /// <summary>
         /// The country to ship this order to
         /// </summary>
         public string ShipCountry
         {
            get { return shipCountryValue; }
            set { shipCountryValue = value; }
         }
   
      }
   
   
      /// <summary>
      /// A collection of Order objects
      /// </summary>
      class Orders: System.ComponentModel.BindingList<Order>
      {
   
      }
   }
   

4. 從 [檔案] 功能表上，選擇 [全部儲存]。

建立物件資料來源

執行 [資料來源組態精靈]，以便根據前一步驟建立的物件來建立資料來源。

建立物件資料來源

1. 按一下 [資料] 功能表，並選擇 [顯示資料來源]，即可開啟 [資料來源] 視窗。

2. 按一下 [資料來源] 視窗中的 [加入新資料來源]。

3. 選取 [選擇資料來源類型] 頁面上的 [物件]，再按一下 [下一步]。

4. 展開 [ObjectBindingWalkthrough] 節點，然後選取 [Customer] 物件。

   注意事項：
   如果沒有 [Customer] 物件，請按一下 [取消]，再從 [建置] 功能表選取 [建置 ObjectBindingWalkthrough]。在成功建置專案之後，重新啟動精靈 (步驟 2)，然後自訂物件即會出現。

5. 按一下 [完成]。

   [Customer] 物件隨即出現在 [資料來源] 視窗中。

建立資料繫結表單

繫結至 Customer 物件的控制項建立方式，是從 [資料來源] 視窗將項目拖曳到表單上。

若要建立繫結至物件屬性之控制項的表單

1. 從 [方案總管] 中，選取 [Form1]，再按一下 [檢視表設計工具]。

2. 從 [資料來源] 視窗，將 [Customer] 節點拖曳至 [Form1]。

3. 展開 [Customer] 節點，並從 [資料來源] 視窗將 [Orders] 節點拖曳到 [Form1] 上。

建立 TableAdapter，將資料庫中的資料載入到自訂物件中

若要在物件和資料庫之間移動資料，將會使用 TableAdapter。您可以使用資料來源組態精靈來建立客戶和訂單資料表的 TableAdapter。

若要建立 TableAdapter

1. 選擇 [資料] 功能表上的 [加入新資料來源]。

2. 選取 [選擇資料來源類型] 頁面上的 [資料庫]。

3. 在 [選擇資料連接] 頁上，執行下列其中一項：

   • 如果下拉式清單中有提供 Northwind 範例資料庫的資料連接，請選取這個資料連接。

     -或-

   • 選取 [新增連接]，設定與 Northwind 資料庫之間的新資料連接。如需詳細資訊，請參閱 HOW TO：建立連接至 SQL Server 資料庫或 HOW TO：建立至 Access 資料庫的連接。

4. 按一下 [將連接字串儲存到應用程式組態檔] 頁面上的 [下一步]。

5. 在 [選擇您的資料庫物件] 頁面上，展開 [資料表] 節點。

6. 選取 [Customers] 和 [Orders] 資料表，再按一下 [完成]。

   [NorthwindDataSet] 會加入專案中，且 [Customers] 和 [Orders] 資料表會出現在 [NorthwindDataSet] 節點下方的 [資料來源] 視窗中。

將資料集和 TableAdapter 加入到 Form1

您可以從 [工具箱] 拖曳 CustomersTableAdapter、OrdersTableAdapter 和 NorthwindDataSet 的代表性元件，將它們的執行個體加入到表單上。

若要將 Customers 資料表中的資料填入 Customer 物件

1. 從 [建置] 功能表中，選擇 [建置方案]。

2. 從 [工具箱] 將 [NorthwindDataSet] 拖曳至 [Form1] 上。

3. 從 [工具箱] 將 [CustomersTableAdapter] 拖曳至 [Form1] 上。

4. 從 [工具箱] 將 [OrdersTableAdapter] 拖曳至 [Form1] 上。

將查詢加入到 CustomersTableAdapter，以便只傳回少數客戶

在實際的應用程式中，您可能永遠都不會傳回整個資料表。在此逐步解說中，將會傳回前五名客戶。

注意事項：
您通常會傳入參數，以選取想要傳回的客戶；但是為了簡潔起見，此逐步解說中會以硬式編碼方式來編碼查詢，以便僅傳回五名客戶，而且不需要建立使用者介面來輸入參數值。

若要將其他查詢加入至 CustomersTableAdapter

1. 在 [方案總管] 中，按兩下 NorthwindDataSet.xsd 檔。

   NorthwindDataSet 隨即在 [DataSet 設計工具] 中開啟。

2. 以滑鼠右鍵按一下 [CustomersTableAdapter]，並選取 [加入查詢]。

   TableAdapter 查詢組態精靈隨即開啟。

3. 保留 [使用 SQL 陳述式] 的預設值，再按一下 [下一步]。

4. 保留 [傳回資料列的 SELECT] 的預設值，再按一下 [下一步]。

5. 以下列項目取代 SQL 陳述式，再按一下 [下一步]：

   SELECT Top 5 CustomerID, CompanyName, ContactName, ContactTitle, Address, 
   City, Region, PostalCode, Country, Phone, Fax 
   FROM Customers 
   

6. 清除 [填入 DataTable] 核取方塊。

7. 將 [傳回 DataTable] 方法命名為 GetTop5Customers，然後按一下 [完成]。

   [GetTop5Customers] 查詢即會加入到 [CustomersTableAdapter]。

修改 OrdersTableAdapter 上的查詢，以便只傳回所需客戶的訂單

從資料庫擷取訂單時，您可能不會想要傳回訂單的整個資料表，而只需要特定客戶的訂單。下列程序將詳述如何重新設定具有新查詢的 TableAdapter (與上一個步驟中，將其他查詢加入 [CustomersTableAdapter] 剛好相反)。

若要重新設定 TableAdapter 的主要查詢來傳回單一客戶的訂單

1. 以滑鼠右鍵按一下 [OrdersTableAdapter]，並選擇 [設定]。

   TableAdapter 查詢組態精靈 隨即開啟。

2. 以下列項目取代 SQL 陳述式，再按一下 [下一步]：

   SELECT OrderID, CustomerID, EmployeeID, OrderDate, 
   RequiredDate, ShippedDate, ShipVia, Freight, 
   ShipName, ShipAddress, ShipCity, ShipRegion, 
   ShipPostalCode, ShipCountry 
   FROM Orders 
   WHERE CustomerID = @CustomerID
   

3. 清除 [填入 DataTable] 核取方塊。

4. 將 [傳回 DataTable] 方法命名為 GetDataByCustomerID，然後按一下 [完成]。

   OrdersTableAdapter 的主要 Fill 查詢即會替換為 [GetDataByCustomerID] 查詢。

5. 從 [建置] 功能表中選取 [建置方案]，即可建置專案。

加入程式碼，以便將資料載入到 Customer 和 Order 物件中

若要將資料載入到自訂物件中，您可執行將傳回新資料表的 TableAdapter 查詢 (與填入現有資料表的 TableAdapter 查詢相反)。然後，程式碼在資料表中執行迴圈，並將客戶資訊填入每一個 Customer 物件，同時也會填入每一個 Customer.Orders 集合中的所有訂單。請注意每個 Customer 物件加入到 CustomerBindingSource 之內部集合 (CustomerBindingSource.Add(currentCustomer)) 的方式；也就是說，BindingSource 會提供可透過 List 屬性存取的 Customers 內建強型別集合。

若要載入具有資料的物件

1. 從 [方案總管] 中，選取 [Form1]，再按一下 [檢視程式碼]。

2. 將 [Form1] 中的程式碼取代成下列程式碼：

   Public Class Form1
       Private Sub LoadCustomers()
           Dim customerData As NorthwindDataSet.CustomersDataTable = _
               CustomersTableAdapter1.GetTop5Customers()
   
           Dim customerRow As NorthwindDataSet.CustomersRow
   
           For Each customerRow In customerData
               Dim currentCustomer As New Customer()
               With currentCustomer
   
                   .CustomerID = customerRow.CustomerID
                   .CompanyName = customerRow.CompanyName
   
                   If Not customerRow.IsAddressNull Then
                       .Address = customerRow.Address
                   End If
   
                   If Not customerRow.IsCityNull Then
                       .City = customerRow.City
                   End If
   
                   If Not customerRow.IsContactNameNull Then
                       .ContactName = customerRow.ContactName
                   End If
   
                   If Not customerRow.IsContactTitleNull Then
                       .ContactTitle = customerRow.ContactTitle
                   End If
   
                   If Not customerRow.IsCountryNull Then
                       .Country = customerRow.Country
                   End If
   
                   If Not customerRow.IsFaxNull Then
                       .Fax = customerRow.Fax
                   End If
   
                   If Not customerRow.IsPhoneNull Then
                       .Phone = customerRow.Phone
                   End If
   
                   If Not customerRow.IsPostalCodeNull Then
                       .PostalCode = customerRow.PostalCode
                   End If
   
                   If Not customerRow.Is_RegionNull Then
                       .Region = customerRow._Region
                   End If
   
               End With
   
               LoadOrders(currentCustomer)
               CustomerBindingSource.Add(currentCustomer)
           Next
       End Sub
   
       Private Sub LoadOrders(ByRef currentCustomer As Customer)
           Dim orderData As NorthwindDataSet.OrdersDataTable = _
               OrdersTableAdapter1.GetDataByCustomerID(currentCustomer.CustomerID)
   
           Dim orderRow As NorthwindDataSet.OrdersRow
   
           For Each orderRow In orderData
               Dim currentOrder As New Order()
               With currentOrder
                   .OrderID = orderRow.OrderID
                   .Customer = currentCustomer
   
                   If Not orderRow.IsCustomerIDNull Then
                       .CustomerID = orderRow.CustomerID
                   End If
   
                   If Not orderRow.IsEmployeeIDNull Then
                       .EmployeeID = orderRow.EmployeeID
                   End If
   
                   If Not orderRow.IsFreightNull Then
                       .Freight = orderRow.Freight
                   End If
   
                   If Not orderRow.IsOrderDateNull Then
                       .OrderDate = orderRow.OrderDate
                   End If
   
                   If Not orderRow.IsRequiredDateNull Then
                       .RequiredDate = orderRow.RequiredDate
                   End If
   
                   If Not orderRow.IsShipAddressNull Then
                       .ShipAddress = orderRow.ShipAddress
                   End If
   
                   If Not orderRow.IsShipCityNull Then
                       .ShipCity = orderRow.ShipCity
                   End If
   
                   If Not orderRow.IsShipCountryNull Then
                       .ShipCountry = orderRow.ShipCountry
                   End If
   
                   If Not orderRow.IsShipNameNull Then
                       .ShipName = orderRow.ShipName
                   End If
   
                   If Not orderRow.IsShippedDateNull Then
                       .ShippedDate = orderRow.ShippedDate
                   End If
   
                   If Not orderRow.IsShipPostalCodeNull Then
                       .ShipPostalCode = orderRow.ShipPostalCode
                   End If
   
                   If Not orderRow.IsShipRegionNull Then
                       .ShipRegion = orderRow.ShipRegion
                   End If
   
                   If Not orderRow.IsShipViaNull Then
                       .ShipVia = orderRow.ShipVia
                   End If
               End With
               currentCustomer.Orders.Add(currentOrder)
           Next
   
       End Sub
   
       Private Sub Form1_Load(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) _
           Handles MyBase.Load
   
           LoadCustomers()
       End Sub
   End Class
   

   using System;
   using System.Windows.Forms;
   
   namespace ObjectBindingWalkthrough
   {
       public partial class Form1 : Form
       {
           public Form1()
           {
               InitializeComponent();
               this.Load += Form1_Load;
           }
   
           private void LoadCustomers()
           {
               NorthwindDataSet.CustomersDataTable customerData = 
                   customersTableAdapter1.GetTop5Customers();
   
               foreach (NorthwindDataSet.CustomersRow customerRow in customerData)
               {
                   Customer currentCustomer = new Customer();
                   currentCustomer.CustomerID = customerRow.CustomerID;
                   currentCustomer.CompanyName = customerRow.CompanyName;
   
                   if (customerRow.IsAddressNull() == false)
                   {
                       currentCustomer.Address = customerRow.Address;
                   }
   
                   if (customerRow.IsCityNull() == false)
                   {
                       currentCustomer.City = customerRow.City;
                   }
   
                   if (customerRow.IsContactNameNull() == false)
                   {
                       currentCustomer.ContactName = customerRow.ContactName;
                   }
   
                   if (customerRow.IsContactTitleNull() == false)
                   {
                       currentCustomer.ContactTitle = customerRow.ContactTitle;
                   }
   
                   if (customerRow.IsCountryNull() == false)
                   {
                       currentCustomer.Country = customerRow.Country;
                   }
   
                   if (customerRow.IsFaxNull() == false)
                   {
                       currentCustomer.Fax = customerRow.Fax;
                   }
   
                   if (customerRow.IsPhoneNull() == false)
                   {
                       currentCustomer.Phone = customerRow.Phone;
                   }
   
                   if (customerRow.IsPostalCodeNull() == false)
                   {
                       currentCustomer.PostalCode = customerRow.PostalCode;
                   }
   
                   if (customerRow.IsRegionNull() == false)
                   {
                       currentCustomer.Region = customerRow.Region;
                   }
   
                   LoadOrders(currentCustomer);
                   customerBindingSource.Add(currentCustomer);
               }
           }
   
   
           private void LoadOrders(Customer currentCustomer)
           {
               NorthwindDataSet.OrdersDataTable orderData = 
                   ordersTableAdapter1.GetDataByCustomerID(currentCustomer.CustomerID);
   
               foreach (NorthwindDataSet.OrdersRow orderRow in orderData)
               {
                   Order currentOrder = new Order();
                   currentOrder.OrderID = orderRow.OrderID;
   
                   if (orderRow.IsCustomerIDNull() == false)
                   {
                       currentOrder.CustomerID = orderRow.CustomerID;
                   }
   
                   if (orderRow.IsEmployeeIDNull() == false)
                   {
                       currentOrder.EmployeeID = orderRow.EmployeeID;
                   }
   
                   if (orderRow.IsFreightNull() == false)
                   {
                       currentOrder.Freight = orderRow.Freight;
                   }
   
                   if (orderRow.IsOrderDateNull() == false)
                   {
                       currentOrder.OrderDate = orderRow.OrderDate;
                   }
   
                   if (orderRow.IsRequiredDateNull() == false)
                   {
                       currentOrder.RequiredDate = orderRow.RequiredDate;
                   }
   
                   if (orderRow.IsShipAddressNull() == false)
                   {
                       currentOrder.ShipAddress = orderRow.ShipAddress;
                   }
   
                   if (orderRow.IsShipCityNull() == false)
                   {
                       currentOrder.ShipCity = orderRow.ShipCity;
                   }
   
                   if (orderRow.IsShipCountryNull() == false)
                   {
                       currentOrder.ShipCountry = orderRow.ShipCountry;
                   }
   
                   if (orderRow.IsShipNameNull() == false)
                   {
                       currentOrder.ShipName = orderRow.ShipName;
                   }
   
                   if (orderRow.IsShippedDateNull() == false)
                   {
                       currentOrder.ShippedDate = orderRow.ShippedDate;
                   }
   
                   if (orderRow.IsShipPostalCodeNull() == false)
                   {
                       currentOrder.ShipPostalCode = orderRow.ShipPostalCode;
                   }
   
                   if (orderRow.IsShipRegionNull() == false)
                   {
                       currentOrder.ShipRegion = orderRow.ShipRegion;
                   }
   
                   if (orderRow.IsShipViaNull() == false)
                   {
                       currentOrder.ShipVia = orderRow.ShipVia;
                   }
                   currentCustomer.Orders.Add(currentOrder);
               }
           }
   
           private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
           {
               LoadCustomers();
           }
   
       }
   }
   

測試應用程式

若要測試應用程式

1. 按下 F5，執行應用程式。

2. 表單隨即開啟，且會將範例資料填入 DataGridView 控制項。

3. 巡覽 DataGridView 中的客戶，以顯示其關聯的訂單。

後續步驟

若要在應用程式中加入功能

• 加入程式碼，將自訂物件中的資料傳回資料庫。如需詳細資訊，請參閱 HOW TO：以 TableAdapter 直接存取資料庫。

• 選取 DataGridView 智慧標籤上的 [編輯資料行]，重新排列 [DataGridView] 中的資料行。

請參閱

概念

Visual Studio 中的物件繫結

其他資源

連接至 Visual Studio 中的資料

準備您的應用程式以接收資料

將資料擷取至您的應用程式中

顯示 Windows 應用程式之表單上的資料

在您的應用程式中編輯資料

儲存資料

資料逐步解說