Relaciones (metadatos)
Las relaciones en el Entity Data Model (EDM) definen cómo se relacionan dos entidades. El tema Relaciones del Entity Data Model proporciona información detallada acerca de las relaciones del EDM.
Los metadatos de ADO.NET proporcionan un AssociationType para representar las relaciones entre los tipos EntityType. Un AssociationType se deriva de un RelationshipType y representa una asociación del EDM. De igual modo, el AssociationSet describe los EntitySets que participan en una asociación del EDM específica. Para obtener más información acerca de los conjuntos de asociaciones y de entidades, vea Conjuntos de entidades (EDM) y Conjuntos de asociaciones (EDM).
En el ejemplo de código siguiente se muestra cómo obtener un área de trabajo de metadatos desde la conexión que después se usa para recuperar información acerca de las relaciones del modelo especificado. Observe que el área de trabajo de metadatos es un componente del servicio en tiempo de ejecución que proporciona compatibilidad para recuperar los metadatos.
El ejemplo de código usa un CSpace para especificar el modelo. El CSpace representa el nombre predeterminado del modelo conceptual.
El ejemplo de código incluye tres métodos: GetAssociations, GetAssociationSets y GetOneAssociationSet.
El método GetAssociations obtiene una colección de asociaciones y procesa una iteración en la colección para tener acceso a los miembros End de su asociación.
El método GetAssociations obtiene una colección de contenedores de entidades y procesa una iteración en la colección para obtener cada conjunto de asociaciones en el contenedor especificado. En el EDM, un EntityContainer representa una agrupación lógica de conjuntos de entidades y de conjuntos de asociaciones. Para obtener más información acerca de cómo se definen los contenedores de entidades en el EDM, vea Contenedores de entidades (EDM).
El método GetOneAssociationSet obtiene una colección de contenedores de entidades y después procesa una iteración en la colección para obtener sólo un conjunto de asociaciones mediante el nombre especificado.
En el ejemplo de código siguiente se usa el modelo de Adventureworks que se proporciona en el tema Modelo completo (EDM) de AdventureWorks. Para obtener un ejemplo del archivo de configuración de la aplicación, vea Usar el modelo de objetos de AdventureWorks (EDM).
using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.EntityClient;
using System.Data.Metadata.Edm;
using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
class GetRelationshipsExample
{
static void Main()
{
try
{
// Establish a connection to the underlying data provider by
// using the connection string specified in the config file.
using (EntityConnection connection =
new EntityConnection("Name=AdventureWorksEntities"))
{
// Open the connection.
connection.Open();
// Access the metadata workspace.
MetadataWorkspace workspace =
connection.GetMetadataWorkspace();
// Get associations from the conceptual model.
GetAssociations(workspace, DataSpace.CSpace);
// Get association sets from the conceptual model.
GetAssociationSets(workspace, DataSpace.CSpace);
// Get one assoiation set by using the specified
// relationship name from the conceptual model.
string relationshipName = "FK_Employee_Contact_ContactID";
GetOneAssociationSet(
workspace, relationshipName, DataSpace.CSpace);
}
}
catch (MetadataException exceptionMetadata)
{
Console.WriteLine("MetadataException: {0}",
exceptionMetadata.Message);
}
catch (System.Data.MappingException exceptionMapping)
{
Console.WriteLine("MappingException: {0}",
exceptionMapping.Message);
}
}
public static void GetAssociations(
MetadataWorkspace workspace, DataSpace model)
{
Console.WriteLine("***Get Associations =>");
// Get a collection of association types.
ReadOnlyCollection<AssociationType> associationTypes =
workspace.GetItems<AssociationType>(model);
// Iterate through the collection to get each association type.
foreach (AssociationType associationType in associationTypes)
{
Console.WriteLine("AssociationType Name: {0}, Namespace: {1}",
associationType.Name,
associationType.NamespaceName);
// Iterate through the collection to get
// each association end member.
foreach (AssociationEndMember end in
associationType.AssociationEndMembers)
{
Console.WriteLine(
"\t End Name: {0}, Type: {1}, Multiplicity: {2}",
end.Name,
end.TypeUsage.EdmType.Name,
end.RelationshipMultiplicity);
}
}
}
public static void GetAssociationSets(
MetadataWorkspace workspace, DataSpace model)
{
Console.WriteLine("***Get Association Sets =>");
// Get a collection of entity containers.
ReadOnlyCollection<EntityContainer> containers =
workspace.GetItems<EntityContainer>(model);
// Iterate through the collection to get each entity container.
foreach (EntityContainer container in containers)
{
// Iterate through the collection to get each entity set base.
foreach (EntitySetBase baseSet in container.BaseEntitySets)
{
// EntitySetBase is a super type for
// AssociationSet and EntitySet.
// Check if the current object is an instance of the
// AssociationSet.
if (baseSet is AssociationSet)
{
Console.WriteLine(
"AssociationSet Name: {0} , " +
"AssociationType Name: {1} ",
baseSet.Name, baseSet.ElementType.FullName);
AssociationSet associationSet =
baseSet as AssociationSet;
// Iterate through the collection to get
// each association end.
foreach (AssociationSetEnd end in
associationSet.AssociationSetEnds)
{
Console.WriteLine(
"EntitySet Name: {0} , Name: {1}, " +
"AssociationEndMember: {2} ",
end.EntitySet,
end.Name,
end.CorrespondingAssociationEndMember);
}
}
}
}
}
public static void GetOneAssociationSet(
MetadataWorkspace workspace, string relationshipName,
DataSpace model)
{
Console.WriteLine("***Get One AssociationSet =>");
// Get a collection of entity containers.
ReadOnlyCollection<EntityContainer> containers =
workspace.GetItems<EntityContainer>(model);
// Iterate through the collection to get each entity container.
foreach (EntityContainer container in containers)
{
RelationshipSet relationshipSet;
// Check if the relationship with the specified name exists
// or not.
if (container.TryGetRelationshipSetByName(
relationshipName, true, out relationshipSet))
{
AssociationSet associationSet =
relationshipSet as AssociationSet;
Console.WriteLine(
"AssociationSet Name: {0} , " +
"AssociationType Name: {1} ",
associationSet.Name,
associationSet.ElementType.FullName);
}
}
}
}
Imports System
Imports System.Collections.ObjectModel
Imports System.Data
Imports System.Data.EntityClient
Imports System.Data.Metadata.Edm
Class GetRelationshipsExample
Shared Sub Main()
Try
' Establish a connection to the underlying data provider by
' using the connection string specified in the config file.
Using connection As EntityConnection = _
New EntityConnection("Name=AdventureWorksEntities")
' Open the conection.
connection.Open()
' Access the metadata workspace.
Dim workspace As MetadataWorkspace = _
connection.GetMetadataWorkspace
' Get associations from the conceptual model.
GetAssociations(workspace, DataSpace.CSpace)
' Get association sets from the conceptual model.
GetAssociationSets(workspace, DataSpace.CSpace)
' Get one assoiation set by using the specified
' relationship name from the conceptual model.
Dim relationshipName As String = _
"FK_Employee_Contact_ContactID"
GetOneAssociationSet( _
workspace, relationshipName, DataSpace.CSpace)
End Using
Catch exceptionMetadata As MetadataException
Console.WriteLine("MetadataException: {0}", _
exceptionMetadata.Message)
Catch exceptionMapping As MappingException
Console.WriteLine("MappingException: {0}", _
exceptionMapping.Message)
End Try
End Sub
Public Shared Sub GetAssociations( _
ByVal workspace As MetadataWorkspace, ByVal model As DataSpace)
Console.WriteLine("***Get Associations =>")
' Get a collection of association types.
Dim associationTypes As ReadOnlyCollection(Of AssociationType) = _
workspace.GetItems(Of AssociationType)(model)
' Iterate through the collection to get each association type.
Dim associationType As AssociationType
For Each associationType In associationTypes
Console.WriteLine("AssociationType Name: {0}, Namespace: {1}", _
associationType.Name, associationType.NamespaceName)
' Iterate through the collection to get
' each association end member.
Dim endMember As AssociationEndMember
For Each endMember In associationType.AssociationEndMembers
Console.WriteLine(ControlChars.Tab & _
" End Name: {0}, Type: {1}, Multiplicity: {2}", _
endMember.Name, endMember.TypeUsage.EdmType.Name, _
endMember.RelationshipMultiplicity)
Next
Next
End Sub
Public Shared Sub GetAssociationSets( _
ByVal workspace As MetadataWorkspace, ByVal model As DataSpace)
Console.WriteLine("***Get Association Sets =>")
' Get a collection of entity containers.
Dim containers As ReadOnlyCollection(Of EntityContainer) = _
workspace.GetItems(Of EntityContainer)(model)
Dim container As EntityContainer
' Iterate through the collection to get each entity container.
For Each container In containers
Dim baseSet As EntitySetBase
' Iterate through the collection to get each entity set base.
For Each baseSet In container.BaseEntitySets
' EntitySetBase is a super type for
' AssociationSet and EntitySet.
' Check if the current object is an instance of the
' AssociationSet.
If TypeOf baseSet Is AssociationSet Then
Console.WriteLine( _
"AssociationSet Name: {0} , AssociationType Name: {1} ", _
baseSet.Name, baseSet.ElementType.FullName)
Dim associationSet As AssociationSet = _
TryCast(baseSet, AssociationSet)
Dim end1 As AssociationSetEnd
' Iterate through the collection to get
' each association end.
For Each end1 In associationSet.AssociationSetEnds
Console.WriteLine( _
"EntitySet Name: {0} , Name: {1}, AssociationEndMember: {2} ", _
end1.EntitySet, end1.Name, _
end1.CorrespondingAssociationEndMember)
Next
End If
Next
Next
End Sub
Public Shared Sub GetOneAssociationSet( _
ByVal workspace As MetadataWorkspace, _
ByVal relationshipName As String, _
ByVal model As DataSpace)
Console.WriteLine("***Get One AssociationSet =>")
' Get a collection of entity containers.
Dim containers As ReadOnlyCollection(Of EntityContainer) = _
workspace.GetItems(Of EntityContainer)(model)
Dim container As EntityContainer
' Iterate through the collection to get each entity container.
For Each container In containers
Dim relationshipSet As RelationshipSet
relationshipSet = Nothing
' Check if the relationship with the specified name exists
' or not.
If container.TryGetRelationshipSetByName( _
relationshipName, True, relationshipSet) Then
Dim associationSet As AssociationSet = _
TryCast(relationshipSet, AssociationSet)
Console.WriteLine( _
"AssociationSet Name: {0} , AssociationType Name: {1} ", _
associationSet.Name, associationSet.ElementType.FullName)
End If
Next
End Sub
End Class